Difference between revisions of "Glossary"

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Here are some explanations of terms, which you may not be familiar with:
 
Here are some explanations of terms, which you may not be familiar with:
 
* '''Resolution''': DPI (= dots per inch) refers to the number of pixels per inch (2.54 mm). You can also call it pixel density. When used in for devices (e.g.: scanners, printers, screens, imagesetter, etc.) the resolution means the relative density of pixels. For images the relative resolution means the density at which pixels are to be rendered on a device.
 
  
 
* '''Bleed''': the part which goes beyond the area defined by the page format. This avoids white "edges" by elements that are printed right up to the edge of the sheet. The bleed is usually 3 mm per side margin.
 
* '''Bleed''': the part which goes beyond the area defined by the page format. This avoids white "edges" by elements that are printed right up to the edge of the sheet. The bleed is usually 3 mm per side margin.
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* '''CMYK''': The four colors (cyan, magenta, yellow and black - CMYK) are also referred to as process colors. Using all combinations of CMYK in 4-color printing you can produce 256 different colors. The range of values of each color goes from 0% to 100%, where 0% corresponds to unprinted and 100% to solid area printing. The four colors are printed on top of each other, all colors SUPERIMPOSED result in BLACK. Industrial color printing with CMYK colors is called Euro scale.
 
* '''CMYK''': The four colors (cyan, magenta, yellow and black - CMYK) are also referred to as process colors. Using all combinations of CMYK in 4-color printing you can produce 256 different colors. The range of values of each color goes from 0% to 100%, where 0% corresponds to unprinted and 100% to solid area printing. The four colors are printed on top of each other, all colors SUPERIMPOSED result in BLACK. Industrial color printing with CMYK colors is called Euro scale.
  
* '''Digitaldruck''': Digitaldruck ist ein Druckverfahren, bei dem das Druckbild direkt von einem Computer in eine Druckmaschine übertragen wird. Bei dem Drucksystem handelt es sich meist um ein elektrofotografisches Drucksystem wie einen Laserdrucker, der für hohe Auflagenzahlen konstruiert ist. Zusätzlich kann das Drucksystem weitere Einrichtungen zum Schneiden und Binden aufweisen. Anders als zum Beispiel im Offsetdruck wird beim Digitaldruck keine feste Druckvorlage (Druckform) benötigt, so dass jeder Bogen anders bedruckt werden kann. Das ermöglicht kostengünstig personalisierte Drucke wie Rechnungen, Kreditkartenabrechnungen, Kontoauszüge oder auch gezielt auf den Empfänger abgestimmte Werbung. Digitaler Druck ist für kleinere Auflagenzahlen kostengünstiger als Offsetdruck.  
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* '''Die Cut''': this is the cutting line. No matter if it´s a board or token or card. Your product´s outline border will determine the die cut. When designing your work you can use visible die cuts, of course. however, for printing purposes the die cut has to be invisible/not present.
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* '''Grammage''': The grammage refers to the density of paper expressed in g / sqm. Normal printer paper has, for example, 80 g / m² (grams per square meter).
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* '''Digital printing''': Digital printing is a printing method in which the image is transferred directly from a computer to a printing press. This printing system is usually a photographic printing system such as a laser printer that is designed for long runs. In addition, the printing system may have further devices for cutting, and binding. Unlike, for example, in offset printing digital printing does not need a fixed master (printing form), so that each sheet can be printed differently. This allows inexpensive personalized prints such as bills, credit card statements, bank statements or even advertising specifically tailored to the recipient. Digital printing is more cost effective for small print runs than offset printing.  
  
* '''DIN-Formate''': Die Abkürzung "DIN" heißt "Deutsche Industrie-Norm". Diese legt die Maße fest, in denen Papierbogen heute überwiegend gehandelt werden. Die Format-Staffelung beginnt mit DIN A0, dem größten Format in den Abmessungen 841 x 1189 mm, und setzt sich in Halbierungsstufen fort über DIN A1 bis hin zu DIN A7, das nur noch 7,4 mal 10,5 cm misst. Darüber hinaus gibt es Sonderfestlegungen, u.a. Kuvertgrößen-Bezeichnungen. Je größer die Zahl, desto kleiner das Format. Es wird stets zuerst die Breite und dann die Höhe angesprochen, z.B: DIN A4 im Hochformat: 21 x 29,7 cm, im Querformat: 29,7 x 21 cm.
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* '''DIN-Format''': The abbreviation "DIN" means "German industry norm". This specifies the dimensions in which sheets of paper are now mostly traded. The range of formats begins with DIN A0, the largest size in the dimensions 841 x 1189 mm, and continues in halving steps from A1 to A7, which only measures 7.4 by 10.5 cm. Additionally, there are special formats, such as for envelope size designations. The larger the number, the smaller the size. The first number always refers to the width and the second to the height, such as: DIN A4 portrait format: 21 x 29.7 cm, in landscape mode: 29.7 x 21 cm.
  
* '''Grammatur''': Die Grammatur bezeichnet das Flächengewicht von Papier, angegeben in g/qm. Normales Druckerpapier hat beispielsweise 80 g/m² (Gramm pro Quadratmeter).
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* '''Lamination''': By laminating a film is applied to the printed matter. Thus, the printed matter is protected against mechanical abrasion and dirt. The main applications of lamination are covers for books and brochures, packaging and displays.  
  
* '''Kaschieren''': Mit dem Kaschieren wird eine Folie auf die Drucksache aufgebracht. So wird die Drucksache vor mechanischem Abrieb und Dreck geschützt. Die Hauptanwendungen des Kaschierens sind Umschläge für Bücher und Prospekte, Verpackungen und Displays.  
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* '''Margin''': This is a small safety zone '''within''' the die cut. your design has to make sure infos, texts and pictures are clearly visible after cutting the final product.
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A margin of 2-3mm is common.
  
* '''Offsetdruck''': Das heute mit Abstand häufigste Druckverfahren. Heute werden zwei Drittel aller weltweit hergestellten Drucksachen im Offsetverfahren produziert.
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* '''Offset printing''': By far the most common printing method today. Currently, two-thirds of all the world's printed matter produced by offset printing.
  
* '''Pixel''': Bildpunkt auf einem Monitor oder Ausdruck. Im Unterschied zum einfachen Druckpunkt ist beim Begriff "Pixel" auch die Farbtiefe impliziert. Man könnte das Pixel in dieser Hinsicht als dreidimensional und den Druckpunkt als zweidimensional bezeichnen.
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* '''Pawn''': a gaming piece with a wide body and a small 'head'
  
* '''Pöppel''': Bezeichnet einen Halmakegel
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* '''Pad printing''': Pad printing is an indirect printing method (gravure principle), which has become the most important method for printing on plastic parts which has become indispensable especially in the advertising industry. The pressure plate bears in its surface the to be printed, recessed print image. The doctor floods the color in the recessed print image and takes the excess ink off cleanly. After doctoring an elastic pressure pad is driven over the cliché and takes the remaining ink off with a stroke, to then transfer it to the plastic part, thus printing indirectly. The advantage of this unusual pressure transmission method lies in the deformability of the pad made of silicone rubber, through which the printing of curved surfaces (convex or concave) is readily possible.
  
* '''RGB''': Rot Grün Blau, die Grundkomponenten farbigen Lichts bilden das additive Farbmodell. Das Prinzip der additiven Farbmischung ist, dass alle Farben ÜBEREINANDER gedruckt WEISS ergeben. Jeder Farbanteil kann zwischen 0% und 100% variieren, so dass jeder Farbton erreicht werden kann. RGB ist das Farbmodell das z.B. bei Monitoren, Digitalkameras und Scanner benutzt wird. Für den Druck wird es nicht benutzt, dort herrscht das CMYK-Modell vor.
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* '''Pixel''': both on a screen or printed. In contrast to simple printing point the term "pixel" also implies color depth. A pixel could be seen as three-dimensional and and a printing point as two-dimensional.
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* '''Resolution''': DPI (= dots per inch) refers to the number of pixels per inch (2.54 mm). You can also call it pixel density. When used in for devices (e.g.: scanners, printers, screens, imagesetter, etc.) the resolution means the relative density of pixels. For images the relative resolution means the density at which pixels are to be rendered on a device.
  
* '''Siebdruck''': Der Siebdruck ist das bekannteste Durchdruckverfahren. Hierbei sind fast alle Werkstoffe bedruckbar. Die meisten Werbemittel werden auf diese Weise beschriftet. Zu beachten ist, dass Rastertöne meist nur sehr schlecht wiedergeben werden können. Der Siebdruck ist ein Druckverfahren, bei dem die Druckfarbe mit einer Gummirakel durch ein feinmaschiges Gewebe hindurch auf den Bedruckstoff (Papiere, Kunststoffe, Textilien etc.) gedruckt wird. An denjenigen Stellen des Gewebes, wo der Bildvorlage entsprechend keine Farbe gedruckt werden soll, sind die Maschenöffnungen des Gewebes durch eine Schablone farbundurchlässig gemacht worden.
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* '''RGB''': Red Green Blue, these basic components of colored light form the additive color model. The principle of additive color mixing is that all colors SUPERIMPOSED result in WHITE. Each part can vary between 0% and 100%, so that any color can be achieved. RGB is the color model of the example used in monitors, digital cameras and scanners. For the printing this not being used, as there exists the CMYK model as descirbed above.
  
* '''Tampondruck''': Der Tampondruck ist ein indirektes Druckverfahren (Tiefdruckprinzip), das sich zum wichtigsten Verfahren zum Bedrucken von Kunststoffkörpern entwickelt hat und das besonders in der Werbemittelbranche nicht mehr wegzudenken ist. Das Druckklischee trägt in seiner Oberfläche das zu druckende, tiefer liegende Druckbild. Die Rakel flutet die Farbe in das tiefer liegende Druckbild und rakelt die überschüssige Farbe sauber ab. Nach dem Rakeln fährt ein elastischer Drucktampon über das Klischee und nimmt über eine Hubbewegung die zurückgebliebene Farbe auf, um diese dann auf das Kunststoffteil zu übertragen, also indirekt zu drucken. Der Vorteil dieser ungewöhnlichen Druckübertragung besteht in der Verformbarkeit des Tampons aus Silikonkautschuk, durch den das Bedrucken von gewölbten Flächen (konvex oder konkav) ohne weiteres möglich wird.
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* '''Screen printing''': Screen printing is the most famous stencil printing method. With this method almost all materials can be printed. Most banners are labeled in this way. It should be noted that halftones can only be reproduced very badly. Screen printing is a printing method where the printing color is printed with a rubber squeegee to pass through a fine mesh fabric to the printing substrate (paper, plastics, textiles, etc.). At those places on the fabric in the original image in where no color is to be printed, the mesh size of the fabric is made impermeable to ink through a stencil.

Latest revision as of 11:02, 22 July 2019

Comic

Here are some explanations of terms, which you may not be familiar with:

  • Bleed: the part which goes beyond the area defined by the page format. This avoids white "edges" by elements that are printed right up to the edge of the sheet. The bleed is usually 3 mm per side margin.
  • CMYK: The four colors (cyan, magenta, yellow and black - CMYK) are also referred to as process colors. Using all combinations of CMYK in 4-color printing you can produce 256 different colors. The range of values of each color goes from 0% to 100%, where 0% corresponds to unprinted and 100% to solid area printing. The four colors are printed on top of each other, all colors SUPERIMPOSED result in BLACK. Industrial color printing with CMYK colors is called Euro scale.
  • Die Cut: this is the cutting line. No matter if it´s a board or token or card. Your product´s outline border will determine the die cut. When designing your work you can use visible die cuts, of course. however, for printing purposes the die cut has to be invisible/not present.
  • Grammage: The grammage refers to the density of paper expressed in g / sqm. Normal printer paper has, for example, 80 g / m² (grams per square meter).
  • Digital printing: Digital printing is a printing method in which the image is transferred directly from a computer to a printing press. This printing system is usually a photographic printing system such as a laser printer that is designed for long runs. In addition, the printing system may have further devices for cutting, and binding. Unlike, for example, in offset printing digital printing does not need a fixed master (printing form), so that each sheet can be printed differently. This allows inexpensive personalized prints such as bills, credit card statements, bank statements or even advertising specifically tailored to the recipient. Digital printing is more cost effective for small print runs than offset printing.
  • DIN-Format: The abbreviation "DIN" means "German industry norm". This specifies the dimensions in which sheets of paper are now mostly traded. The range of formats begins with DIN A0, the largest size in the dimensions 841 x 1189 mm, and continues in halving steps from A1 to A7, which only measures 7.4 by 10.5 cm. Additionally, there are special formats, such as for envelope size designations. The larger the number, the smaller the size. The first number always refers to the width and the second to the height, such as: DIN A4 portrait format: 21 x 29.7 cm, in landscape mode: 29.7 x 21 cm.
  • Lamination: By laminating a film is applied to the printed matter. Thus, the printed matter is protected against mechanical abrasion and dirt. The main applications of lamination are covers for books and brochures, packaging and displays.
  • Margin: This is a small safety zone within the die cut. your design has to make sure infos, texts and pictures are clearly visible after cutting the final product.

A margin of 2-3mm is common.

  • Offset printing: By far the most common printing method today. Currently, two-thirds of all the world's printed matter produced by offset printing.
  • Pawn: a gaming piece with a wide body and a small 'head'
  • Pad printing: Pad printing is an indirect printing method (gravure principle), which has become the most important method for printing on plastic parts which has become indispensable especially in the advertising industry. The pressure plate bears in its surface the to be printed, recessed print image. The doctor floods the color in the recessed print image and takes the excess ink off cleanly. After doctoring an elastic pressure pad is driven over the cliché and takes the remaining ink off with a stroke, to then transfer it to the plastic part, thus printing indirectly. The advantage of this unusual pressure transmission method lies in the deformability of the pad made of silicone rubber, through which the printing of curved surfaces (convex or concave) is readily possible.
  • Pixel: both on a screen or printed. In contrast to simple printing point the term "pixel" also implies color depth. A pixel could be seen as three-dimensional and and a printing point as two-dimensional.
  • Resolution: DPI (= dots per inch) refers to the number of pixels per inch (2.54 mm). You can also call it pixel density. When used in for devices (e.g.: scanners, printers, screens, imagesetter, etc.) the resolution means the relative density of pixels. For images the relative resolution means the density at which pixels are to be rendered on a device.
  • RGB: Red Green Blue, these basic components of colored light form the additive color model. The principle of additive color mixing is that all colors SUPERIMPOSED result in WHITE. Each part can vary between 0% and 100%, so that any color can be achieved. RGB is the color model of the example used in monitors, digital cameras and scanners. For the printing this not being used, as there exists the CMYK model as descirbed above.
  • Screen printing: Screen printing is the most famous stencil printing method. With this method almost all materials can be printed. Most banners are labeled in this way. It should be noted that halftones can only be reproduced very badly. Screen printing is a printing method where the printing color is printed with a rubber squeegee to pass through a fine mesh fabric to the printing substrate (paper, plastics, textiles, etc.). At those places on the fabric in the original image in where no color is to be printed, the mesh size of the fabric is made impermeable to ink through a stencil.